M. White

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Deciduous forests, especially beech-maple, frequently on rotting logs or mossy crevices in limestone; less often in coniferous forests and river bottomlands. This is a circumpolar violet, and is something of a calciphile. Although small and easily overlooked, perhaps mistaken for the common leafy-stemmed V. labradorica with similarly colored light blue flowers, this species can be easily recognized by the long, thick spur or by the leaves with a tendency for the lobes to overlap and with minute pubescence only on the upper surface (very rarely a few hairs beneath).

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