Adams, R. P., A. V. Gilman, M. Hickler, B. P. Streets & J. P. Vanderhorst. 2016.  First molecular evidence that Juniperus communis var. communis from the eastern hemisphere is growing in the northeastern United States. Phytologia 98: 8–16.

Aedo, C. 2000. The genus Geranium L. (Geraniaceae) in North America. I. Annual species. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 58: 39–82.

Akiyama, S. 1988. A revision of the genus Lespedeza section Macrolespedeza (Leguminosae). Bull. Univ. Mus. Tokyo 33. 170 pp.

Albach, D. C., M. M. Martínez-Ortega, M. A. Fischer, & M. W. Chase. 2004. A new classification of the tribe Veroniceae - problems and a possible solution. Taxon 53: 429–452.

Alice, L. A. & C. S. Campbell. 1999. Phylogeny of Rubus (Rosaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region sequences Amer. J. Bot. 86: 81–97.

Al-Shehbaz, I. A. & B. G. Schubert. 1989. The Dioscoreaceae of the Southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 70: 57–95.

Al-Shehbaz, I. A. 2003. Transfer of most North American species of Arabis to Boechera (Brassicaceae). Novon 13: 381–391.

Al-Shehbaz, I. A. & J. L. Zarucchi. 2008. Boechera dentata is the correct name for B. shortii (Brassicaceae). Harvard Pap. Bot. 13: 293–294.

Al-Shehbaz, I. A. & R. A. Price. 1998. Delimitation of the genus Nasturtium (Brassicaceae). Novon 8:124–126.

Al-Shehbaz, I. A., M. A. Beilstein, & E. A. Kellogg. 2006. Systematics and phylogeny of the Brassicaceae: an overview. Pl. Syst. Evol. 259: 89–120.

Anderberg, A. A. 1994. Phylogeny of the Empetraceae, with special emphasis on character evolution in the genus Empetrum. Syst. Bot. 19: 35–46.

Applequist, W. L. 2002. A reassessment of the nomenclature of Matricaria L. and Tripleurospermum Sch. Bip. (Asteraceae). Taxon 51: 757–761.

Bailey, L. H. 1881. Woodwardia angustifolia in Michigan. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 8: 47.

Ballard, H. E. 1990. Hybrids among three caulescent violets, with special reference to Michigan. Michigan Botanist 29: 43–54.

Ballard, H. E. 1994. Violets of Michigan. Michigan Botanist 33: 131–199.

Barkworth, M. E., J. J. N. Campbell, & B. Salomon. 2007. Elymus. Vol. 24. pp. 288–343. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Eds.). 2007. Flora of North America North of Mexico. Oxford University Press, New York, New York.

Barneby, R. C. 1991. Sensitivae censitae: a description of the genus Mimosa Linnaeus (Mimosaceae) in the New World. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 65. 835 pp.

Barnes, B. V. & B. P. Dancik. 1985. Characteristics and origin of a new birch species, Betula murrayana, from southeastern Michigan. Canad. J. Bot. 63: 223–226.

Barton, B. J. 2018. Manoomin: The Story of Wild Rice in Michigan. Michigan State University Press, East Lansing. xxiii + 224 pp.

Bateman, R. M., A. M. Pridgeon, & M. W. Chase. 1997. Phylogenetics of subtribe Orchidinae (Orchidoideae, Orchidaceae) based on nuclear ITS sequences: 2. Infrageneric relationships and reclassification to achieve monophyly of Orchis sensu stricto. Lindleyana 12: 113–141.

Bateman, R. M., P. M. Hollingsworth, J. Preston, Y.-B. Luo, A. M. Pridgeon, & M. W. Chase. 2003. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution of Orchidinae and selected Habenariinae (Orchidaceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 142: 1–40.

Bateman, R. M., K. E. James, Y.-B. Luo, R. K. Lauri, T. Fulcher, P. J. Cribb, & M. W. Chase. 2009. Molecular Phylogenetics and Morphological Reappraisal of the Platanthera Clade (Orchidaceae: Orchidinae) Prompts Expansion of the Generic Limits of Galearis and Platanthera. Ann. Bot. 104: 431–445.

Beal, W. J., 1908. Additions to the Michigan Flora as Published In the Fifth Report of The Michigan Academy of Science, 1904. Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 10: 85-89.

Beardsley, P. M. & R. G. Olmstead. 2002. Redefining Phrymaceae: The placement of Mimulus, tribe Mimuleae, and Phryma. Amer. J. Bot. 89: 1093–1102.

Beitel, J. M. 1979. The Clubmosses Lycopodium sitchense and L. sabinifolium in the Upper Great Lakes Region. Michigan Botanist 18: 3–13.

Belyaeva, I. 2009. Nomenclature of Salix fragilis L. and a New Species, S. euxina (Salicaceae) Taxon Vol. 58: 1344-1348.

Blanché, C. & J. Molero. 1993.Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on Delphinium L. Bot. J. Linn. Soc.113: 125–133.

Bolmgren, K. & B. Oxelman. 2004.Generic limits in Rhamnus L. s.l. (Rhamnaceae) inferred from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequence phylogenies. Taxon 53: 383–390.

Boufford, D. E. 2005. Circaea lutetiana sensu lato (Onagraceae) reconsidered. Harvard Pap. Bot. 9:255–256.

Brouillet, L., J. C. Semple, G. A. Allen, K. L. Chambers, & S. D. Sundberg. 2006. Symphyotrichum. Vol. 20. pp. 464–539. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Eds.). 2006. Flora of North America North of Mexico. Oxford University Press, New York, New York.

Brown, D. F. M. 1964.  A monographic study of the fern genus Woodsia. Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia 16: 1–154. 

Brummitt, R. K. 1986. Report of the Committee for Spermatophyta: 30. Taxon 35: 562.

Brummitt, R. K. 2007. Report of the Nomenclature Committee for Vascular plants 59. Taxon 56: 1291.

Brunton, D. F., M. J. Oldham, & A. V. Gilman. 2022 ("2021"). Himalayan elecampane, Inula racemosa (Asteraceae), in North America. Rhodora 123: 19–30.

Burgess, K. S. & B. C. Husband. 2006. Habitat differentiation and the ecological costs of hybridization: The effects of introduced mulberry (Morus alba) on a native congener (M. rubra). J. Ecol. 94: 1061–1069.

Byrne, R. & J.H. McAndrews. 1975. Pre-Columbian purslane (Portulaca oleracea L) in the New World. Nature 253: 726–727.

Cantino, P. D. & S. J. Wagstaff. 1998. A reexamination of North American Satureja s.l. (Lamiaceae) in light of Molecular evidence. Brittonia 50: 63–70.

Case, F. W. 1983. Platanthera ×vossii, a new natural hybrid orchid from northern Lower Michigan. Michigan Botanist 22: 141–144.

Case, F. W. 1987. Orchids of the western Great Lakes region: revised edition. Bull. Cranbrook Inst. Sci. 48. 251 pp.

Case, F. W. & R. B. Case. 1997. Trilliums. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon. 285 pp.

Case, F. W. & P. M. Catling. 1983. The genus Spiranthes in Michigan. Michigan Botanist 22: 79–92.

Catling, P. M. 1998. A synopsis of the genus Proserpinaca in the southeastern United States. Castanea 63: 408–414.

Catling, P. M. 2005. Identification and Status of Black Pine, Pinus nigra, and Mugo Pine, Pinus mugo,in Ontario. Can. Field-Naturalist 119: 224–232.

Catling, P. M. and G. Mitrow. 2005. The dune race of Vitis riparia in Ontario: Taxonomy, conservation and biogeography. Canad. J. Pl. Sci. 85: 407–415.

Catling, P. M. & K. W. Spicer. 1987. The perennial Juncus of section Poiophylli in the Canadian prairie provinces. Canad. J. Bot. 65: 750–760.

Catling, P. M. & K. W. Spicer. 1988. The separation of Betula populifolia and Betula pendula and their status in Ontario. Can. J. Forest Res. 18: 1017–26.

Catling, P. M. & V. R. Catling. 1997. Morphological discrimination of Platanthera huronensis in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Lindleyana 12: 72–78.

Catling, P. M., G. Mitrow, & L. Black. 2007. Analysis of stem color and correlated morphological characters for grouping Phragmites (Poaceae) taxa in eastern Ontario. Rhodora 109: 125–136.

Catling, P. M., S. M. McKay-Kuja, & G. Mitrow. 1999. Rank and typification in North American dwarf cherries, and a key to the taxa. Taxon 48: 483–488.

Chapman, K. A. 1986. Alpine Hedysarum (Hedysarum alpinum) discovered in Michigan. Michigan Botanist 25: 45–46.

Chiapella, J. 2007. A molecular phylogenetic study of Deschampsia (Poaceae: Aveneae) inferred from nuclear ITS and plastid trnL sequence data: support for the recognition of Avenella and Vahlodea. Taxon 56: 55–64.

Cholewa, A. F. & D. M. Henderson. 2002. Sisyrinchium. Vol. 26. pp. 351–371. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Eds.). 2002. Flora of North America North of Mexico. Oxford University Press, New York, New York.

Christenhusz, M. J. M., X.-C. Zhang & H. Schneider. 2011. A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns. Phytotaxa 19: 7–54.

Churchill, J. A. 1976. Eleocharis atropurpurea in Michigan. Michigan Botanist 15: 182.

Ciotir, C. & J. Freeland. 2016 Cryptic intercontinental dispersal, commercial retailers, and the genetic diversity of native and non-native cattails (Typha spp.) in North America. Hydrobiologia (2016) 768:137–150. DOI 10.1007/s10750-015-2538-0

Clemants, S. E. & S. L. Mosyakin. 2003. Chenopodium. Vol. 4. pp. 275–299. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Eds.). 2003. Flora of North America North of Mexico. Oxford University Press, New York, New York.

Cochrane, T. S. 2000. The distribution of Carex platyphylla (Cyperaceae: sect. Careyanae) with emphasis on the Western Great Lakes region. Michigan Botanist 37: 3–11.

Cohen, J. I. & J. I. Davis. 2009. Nomenclatural changes in Lithospermum (Boraginaceae) and related taxa following a reassessment of phylogenetic relationships. Brittonia 61: 101–111

Cole, E. J. 1898. Cleistogamous flowers on Solea concolor. Asa Gray Bulletin 6: 56.

Cole, E. J. 1901. Grand Rapids Flora. A. Van Dort, Grand Rapids. 170 pp.

Cole, E. J. 1962. Green Dragon (Arisaema dracontium). The Michigan Botanist 1: 56–59.

Columbus, J. T. 1999. An Expanded Circumscription of Bouteloua (Gramineae: Chloridoideae): New Combinations and Names. Aliso 18: 61–65.

Compton, J. A., A. Culham, & S. L. Jury. 1998. Reclassification of Actaea to include Cimicifuga and Souliea (Ranunculaceae): phylogeny inferred from morphology, nrDNA ITS, and cpDNA trnL-F sequence variation. Taxon 47: 593–634.

Costea, M., F. J. Tardif, & H. R. Hinds. 2005. Polygonum. Vol. 5. pp. 547–571. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Eds.). 2005. Flora of North America North of Mexico. Oxford University Press, New York, New York.

Cranfill, R. 1983. The Distribution of Woodwardia areolata. American Fern Journal 73: 46–52.

Crow, G. E. 2017. Emma Cole's 1901 Grand Rapids Flora: Nomenclaturally Updated and Revised. Great Lakes Botanist 56: 98 – 176.

Culley T. M. &  N. A. Hardiman. 2007. The Beginning of a New Invasive Plant: A History of the Ornamental Callery Pear in the United States. BioScience 57: 956-964.

Cusick, A. W. 2002. Noteworthy collections: Michigan. Castanea 67: 216–217.

Cusick, A. W., R. K. Rabeler, & M. J. Oldham. 2002. Hard or Fairgrounds Grass (Sclerochloa dura, Poaceae) in the Great Lakes Region. Michigan Botanist 41: 125–135.

Darbyshire, S. J. 1993. Realignment of Festuca Subgenus Schedonorus with the Genus Lolium (Poaceae). Novon 3: 239–243.

Darbyshire, S. J. & L. E. Pavlick. 1997. Nomenclatural Notes on North American Grasses. Phytologia 83: 73–78.

Darbyshire, S. J. & L. E. Pavlick. 2007. Festuca. Vol. 24. pp. 389–443. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Eds.). 2007. Flora of North America North of Mexico. Oxford University Press, New York, New York.

Darbyshire, S. J. & J. Cayouette. 1995. Identification of the species in the Panicum capillare complex (Poaceae) from eastern Canada and adjacent New York State. Canad. J. Bot. 73: 333–348.

Delisle-Oldham, M., M. J. Oldham, & P. M. Catling. 2008. Taxonomic recognition of Ammophila champlainensis and morphological variation in northeastern North American Ammophila (Poaceae). Rhodora 110: 129–156.

Dister, D. C. 2010. Noteworthy collection: Arctium lappa, Michigan. Michigan Botanist 49: 99–102.

Dewey, C. 1834. Caricography. Amer. J. of Sci. Arts, ser. 1, 25: 140–146.

Dietrich, W., W. L. Wagner, & P. H. Raven. 1997. Systematics of Oenothera section Oenothera subsection Oenothera (Onagraceae). Syst. Bot. Monogr. 50: 1–234.

Dore, W. G. & J. McNeill. 1980. Grasses of Ontario. Agriculture Canada Research Branch Monograph 26. 566 pp.

Drife, D. C., & J. E. Drife. 1990. Oliver A. Farwell’s Early Pteridophyte Records from the Keweenaw Peninsula. Michigan Botanist 29: 89–96.

Duffy, D. C. 1990. Land of Milk and Poison. Nat. Hist. July 1990: 4–8.

Dunlop, D. A. & G. E. Crow. 1999. The taxonomy of Carex section Scirpinae (Cyperaceae). Rhodora 101: 163–199.

Ehrendorfer, F. & M.H.J. Barfuss, 2014. Paraphyly and Polyphyly in the Worldwide Tribe Rubieae (Rubiaceae): Challenges for Generic Delimitation. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 100(1-2):79-88.

Emadzade, K., C. Lehnebach, P. Lockhart, & E. Hörandl. 2010. A molecular phylogeny, morphology and classification of genera of Ranunculeae (Ranunculaceae). Taxon 59: 809–828.

England, W. H. & R. J. Tolbert. 1964. A Seasonal Study of the Vegetative Shoot Apex of Myriophyllum heretophyllum. Amer. J. Bot. 51: 349–353.

Ertter, B. J. 2007. Generic realignments in tribe Potentilleae and revision of Drymocallis (Rosoideae: Rosaceae) in North America. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1: 31–46.

Evrard, C. & C.V. Hove. 2004. Taxonomy of the American Azolla species (Azollaceae) a critical review. Systematics and Geography of Plants 74: 301–318.

Fang, R.-C. & R. K. Brummitt. 1995. Calystegia. Vol. 16. pp. 286–289. In: Z.-Y. Wu & P. H. Raven (Eds.). 1995. Flora of China. Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden (St. Louis).

Farwell, O. A. 1901. A Catalogue of the Flora of Detroit. Report (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 2: 21–68

Farwell, O. A. 1904. Contributions to the Botany of Michigan. No. 8. Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 6: 200–214.

Farwell, O.A. 1919. Notes on the Flora of Michigan. Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 20: 163–193. 

Farwell, O.A. 1920. Notes on the Michigan Flora II. Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 21: 345–371. 

Farwell, O. A. 1924. Notes on the Michigan Flora Part VI. Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 3: 87–109.

Farwell, O. A. 1926. Botanical Gleanings in Michigan, III. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 10: 19–46.

Farwell, O. A. 1927. Botanical Gleanings in Michigan, IV. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 10: 199–219.

Farwell, O. A. 1930. Botanical Gleanings in Michigan, VI. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 113–134.

Fernald, M. L. 1945. Botanical Specialties of the Seward Forest and adjacent Areas of Southeastern Virginia. Rhodora 47: 93–142.

Finot, V. L., P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng, & F. O. Zuloaga. 2005. A revision of Trisetum and Graphephorum (Poaceae: Pooideae: Aveninae) in North America north of Mexico. Sida 21: 1419–1453.

Frajman, B., N. Heidari, & B. Oxelman. 2009. Phylogenetic relationships of Atocion and Viscaria (Sileneae, Caryophyllaceae) inferred from chloroplast, nuclear ribosomal, and low copy gene DNA sequences. Taxon 58: 811–824.

Freckmann, R. W. & M. G. Lelong. 2002. Nomenclatural changes and innovations in Panicum and Dichanthelium (Poaceae: Paniceae). Sida 20: 161–174.

Freckmann, R. W. & M. G. Lelong.  2003.  Dichanthelium. Vol. 25. pp. 406–450. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Eds.). 2003. Flora of North America North of Mexico. Oxford University Press, New York, New York.

Freudenstein, J. V. & J. K. Marr. 1986. The discovery of Draba glabella in Michigan with notes on Draba from Isle Royale National Park. Michigan Botanist 25: 109–111.

Fritsch, P. W. & S. D. Lucas. 2000. Clinal variation in the Halesia carolina complex (Styracaceae). Syst. Bot. 25: 197–210.

Ganders, F. R., M. Berbee, & M. Pirseyedi. 2000. ITS base sequence phylogeny in Bidens (Asteraceae): evidence for the continental relatives of Hawaiian and Marquesan Bidens. Syst. Bot. 25: 122–133.

Gardner, R. L. 2008. Noteworthy collection: Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, Ohio. Michigan Botanist 47: 77–78.

Geltman, D. V. 1998. Taxonomic notes on Euphorbia esula (Euphorbiaceae) with special reference to its occurrence in the east part of the Baltic region. Ann. Bot. Fenn. 35: 113–117.

Gerdes, L. B. 1998. Aster nemoralis and the apparent hybrid Aster nemoralis × Aster umbellatus in Houghton County, Michigan. Michigan Botanist 37: 17–20.

Gereau, R. E. & R. K. Rabeler. 1984. Eurasian introductions to the Michigan Flora: 2. Michigan Botanist 23: 51–56.

Gertz, A. K., J. Eisenbach, & G. K. Walker. 1994. SEM identification of Michigan cattails, Typha latifolia and Typha angustifolia, and their hybrid, Typha ×glauca. Michigan Botanist 33: 27–36.

Gil-Ad, N. L. & A. A. Reznicek. 1997. Evidence for hybridization of two Old World Rhamnus species; R. cathartica and R. utilis (Rhamnaceae); in the New World. Rhodora 99: 1–22.

Gil-Ad, N. L. 1997. Systematics of Viola subsection Boreali-Americanae. Boissiera. 53: 5–130.

Gillis, W. T. 1980. Wisteria in the Great Lakes Region. Michigan Botanist 19: 79–83.

Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. 2nd edition. New York Botanical Garden, New York. lxxv + 910 pp.

Greuter, W. & T. Raus. 1985. Med-Checklist Notulae 11. Willdenowia 15: 61–84.

Greuter, W., W. Gutermann, & S. Talavera. 2006. A preliminary conspectus of Scorzoneroides (Compositae, Cichorieae)with validation of the required new names. Willdenowia 36: 689–692.

Grey-Wilson, C. 1993. Poppies. A Guide to the Poppy Family in the Wild and in Cultivation. Timber Press, Portland Oregon. 208 pp. 

Grimm, G. W. & T. Denk. 2010. The reticulate origin of modern plane trees (Platanus, Platanaceae): a nuclear marker puzzle. Taxon 59: 134–147.

Guala, G. F. II. 1988. Poa bulbosa L. (Poaceae) in Michigan. Michigan Botanist 27: 13–14.

Haberle, R. C., A. Dang, T. Lee, C. Peñaflor, H. Cortes-Burns, A. Oestreich, L. A. Raubeson, N. Cellinese, E. J. Edwards, S. T. Kim, W. M. M. Eddie, & R. K. Jansen. 2009. Taxonomic and biogeographical implications of a phylogenetic analysis of the Campanulaceae based on three chloroplast genes. Taxon 58: 715–734.

Hagen, K. B. von & J. W. Kadereit. 2002. Phylogeny and flower evolution of the Swertiinae (Gentianaceae-Gentianae): Homoplasy and the principle of variable proportions. Syst. Bot. 27: 548–572.

Hämet-Ahti, L. 1980a. The Juncus effusus aggregate in eastern North America. Ann. Bot. Fenn. 17: 183–191.

Hämet-Ahti, L. 1980b. Juncus alpinoarticulatus: the legitimate name for Juncus alpinus. Ann. Bot. Fenn. 17: 341–342.

Hansen, H. V. & K. I. Christensen. 2009. The common chamomile and the scentless mayweed revisited. Taxon 58: 261–264.

Harris, A. G. & J. K. Marr. 2009. Caltha natans Pallas (Ranunculaceae) New for Michigan and Thunder Bay District Ontario. Michigan Botanist 48: 72–77.

Hart, T. C. & T. H. Ives. 2013. Preliminary Starch Grain Evidence of Ancient Stone Tool Use at the Early Archaic (9,000 B.P.) Site of Sandy Hill, Mashantucket, Connecticut. Ethnobiology Letters 4:87‐95.

Hayasaka, E. 2012. Delineation of Schoenoplectiella Lye (Cyperaceae), a genus newly segregated from Schoenoplectus (Rehb.) Palla. J. Japan. Bot. 87: 169–186.

Haynes, R. R. 2000. Najas. Vol. 22. pp. 78–83. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Eds.). 2000. Flora of North America North of Mexico. Oxford University Press, New York, New York.

Hellquist, C. B., C. T. Philbrick, & R. L. Hilton. 1988. The taxonomic status of Potamogeton lateralis Morong (Potamogetonaceae). Rhodora 90: 15–19.

Hess, W. J. & R. C. Sivinski. 1995. A new species of Zigadenus (Liliaceae) from New Mexico, with additional comments on the section Anticlea. Sida 16: 389–400.

Hess, W. J. 1986. Wolffia papulifera Thompson (Lemnaceae) new to Michigan. Sida 11: 407–411.

Hermann, F. J. 1951. Additions to the Genus Carex in Michigan. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 46: 482–492.

Hidalgo, O., N. Garcia-Jacas, T. Garnatje, & A. Susanna. 2006. Phylogeny of Rhaponticum (Asteraceae, Cardueae–Centaureinae) and Related Genera Inferred from Nuclear and Chloroplast DNA Sequence Data: Taxonomic and Biogeographic Implications. Ann. Bot. 97: 705–714.

Hipp, A. L. & J. A. Weber. 2008. Taxonomy of Hill's oak (Quercus ellipsoidalis: Fagaceae): Evidence from AFLP data. Syst. Bot. 33: 148–158.

Hipp, A. L. 2010. Hill’s Oak: The Taxonomy and Dynamics of a Western Great Lakes Endemic. Arnoldia 67: 2–14.

Hiskes, P. D. & D. P. Warners. 2009. Extirpated Glyceria acutiflora Newly Discovered in Kent County, Michigan. Michigan Botanist 48: 78–82.

Hough, M.  2018. Geum ×cortlandicum (Rosaceae), a new natural hybrid plus three Geum urbanum hybrids new to the flora of New York.  Phytoneuron 2018-59: 1–9.

Houghton, D. (1834). Localities of Plants Collected in the Northwestern Expeditions of 1831 and 1832. Appendix 3, pp. 160–165 in H. R. Schoolcraft, 1834. Narrative of an expedition through the Upper Mississippi to Itasca Lake, the actual source of this river; embracing an exploratory trip through the St. Croix and Burntwood (Or Broule) Rivers; in 1832. Under the direction of Henry R. Schoolcraft. Harper & Brothers, New York.

Isely, D. 1983. The Desmodium paniculatum (L.) DC. (Fabaceae) complex revisited. Sida 10: 142–158.

Isely, D. 1998. Native and naturalized Leguminosae (Fabaceae) of the United States (exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii). Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Provo, Utah. xi +1007 pp. 

Iwanycki Ahlstrand, N., S. Gopalakrishnan, F. G. Vieira, V. C. Bieker, H. M. Meudt, S. Dunbar-Co, C. J. Rothfels, K. A. Martinez-Swatson, C. Maldonado, G. Hassemer, A. Shipunov, M. D. Bowers, E. Gardner, M. Xu., A. Ghorbani, M. Amano, O. M. Grace, J. S. Pringle, M. Bishop, V. Manzanilla, H. Cotrim, S. Blaney, D. Zubov, H.-K. Choi, Y. Yesil, B. Bennett, S, Vimolmangkang, H. R. El-Seedi, P. O. Staub, Z. Li., D. Boldbaatar, M. Hislop, L. J. Caddy, A. M. Muasya, C. H. Saslis-Lagoudakis, M. T. P. Gilbert, N. J. C. Zerega, and N. Rønsted. 2022. Travel Tales of a Worldwide Weed: Genomic Signatures of Plantago major L. Reveal Distinct Genotypic Groups With Links to Colonial Trade Routes. Frontiers in Plant Science. 1 June 2022 | Volume 13. Article 838166. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.838166.

Jakubowski, A. R., R. D. Jackson, & M. D. Casler. 2014. History of Reed Canarygrass in North America: Persistence of Natives among Invading Eurasian Populations. Crop Sci. 54: 210–219.

Jones, A. G. 1979. A study of wild leek, and the recognition of Allium burdickii (Liliaceae). Syst. Bot. 4: 29–43.

Jones, G.N. (1968). Taxonomy of American Species of Linden (Tilia). Illinois Biological Monographs 39. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.

Judziewicz, E. J., F. H. Utech, & W. Mackinnon. 1997. Prosartes (Disporum) trachycarpa (Liliaceae) in Isle Royale National Park: New to Michigan and the eastern United States. Michigan Botanist 36: 63–72.

Kallunki, J. A. 1976. Population studies in Goodyera (Orchidaceae) with emphasis on the hybrid origin of G. tesselata. Brittonia 28: 53–75.

Kaplan, Z. 2008. A Taxonomic Revision of Stuckenia (Potamogetonaceae) in Asia, with Notes on the Diversity and Variation of the Genus on a Worldwide Scale. Folia Geobot. 43: 159–234.

Kaplan, Z., J. Fehrer, & C. B. Hellquist. 2009. New Hybrid Combinations Revealed by Molecular Analysis: The Unknown Side of North American Pondweed Diversity (Potamogeton). Syst. Bot. 34: 625–642.

Kartesz, J. T. & K. N. Gandhi. 1993. Osmorhiza berteroi (Apiaceae): the correct name for mountain sweet-cicely. Brittonia 45: 181–182.

Kiefer, C., C. Dobes, & M. A. Koch. 2009. Boechera or not? Phylogeny and phylogeography of eastern North American Boechera species (Brassicaceae). Taxon 58: 1109–1121.

Kim, S., D. Crawford, and R. Jansen. 1996. Phylogenetic relationships among the genera of the subtribe Sonchinae (Asteraceae): evidence from ITS sequences. Syst. Bot. 21: 417–432.

Kirschbaum, C. D. 2007. The taxonomy of Carex trisperma (Cyperaceae). J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1: 389–405.

Kirschner, J., L. Kirschnerová, & J. Štĕpánek. 2007. Plant Names from the Czech Republic. Preslia 79: 323–365.

Knapp, W. M. & R. F. C. Naczi. 2008. Taxonomy, morphology, and geographic distribution of Juncus longii (Juncaceae). Syst. Bot. 33: 685–694.

Korban, S. S. & R. M. Skirvin. 1984. Nomenclature of the cultivated apple. Hort. Sci. 19: 177–180.

Kowal, R. R., E. J. Judziewicz, & J. Edwards. 2011. Packera insulae-regalis (Asteraceae, Senecioneae), a new species endemic to Isle Royale, Michigan, U.S.A. Brittonia 63: 343–354.

Krause, J. G. 2012. Lygodium palmatum. Noteworthy Collection. Michigan. Michigan Botanist 51: 117-120. 

Kron, K. A. & W. S. Judd. 1990. Phylogenetic relationships within the Rhodoreae (Ericaceae) with specific comments on the placement of Ledum. Syst. Bot. 15: 57–68.

Kubitzki, K. & C. Bayer, eds. 2003. The families and genera of vascular plants. V. Flowering plants - Dicotyledons - Malvales, Capparales, and nonbetalain Caryophyllales. Springer, Berlin. 418 pp.

Landolt, E. 1986. Biosystematic investigations in the family of duckweeds (Lemnaceae) (vol. 2.) Veroff. Geobot. Inst., Rubel 1. 71: 566 pp.

Larson, B. M. H. & P. M. Catling. 1996. The separation of Eleocharis obtusa and Eleocharis ovata (Cyperaceae) in eastern Canada. Canad. J. Bot. 74: 238–242.

La Rue, C. D. 1948. The Lilacs of Mackinac Island. American Midland Naturalist 39: 505-508.

Laureto, P. J. & J. S. Pringle. 2011 ("2010"). Solidago vossii (Asteraceae), A new species of Goldenrod from Northern Michigan. Michigan Botanist 49: 105–117.

Leege, L. M. & P. G. Murphy. 2001. Ecological effects of the non-native Pinus nigra on sand dune communities. Canad. J. Bot. 79: 429–437.

Lehtonen, S. 2009. Systematics of the Alismataceae—A morphological evaluation. Aquatic Bot. 91: 279–290.

Leicht-Young, S. A., N. B. Pavlovic, R. Grundell, & K. J. Frohnapple. 2008. Distinguishing Native (Celastrus scandens L.) and invasive (C. orbiculatus Thunb.) bittersweet using morphological characters. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 134: 441–450.

Les, D. H., N. M. Murray, & N. P. Tippery. 2009. Systematics of Two Imperiled Pondweeds (Potamogeton vaseyi, P. gemmiparus) and Taxonomic Ramifications for Subsection Pusilli (Potamogetonaceae) Syst. Bot. 34: 643–651.

Les, D. H., E. L. Peredo, U. M. King, L. K. Benoit, N. P. Tippery, C. J. Ball, &R. K. Shannon. 2015. Through thick and thin: Cryptic sympatric speciation in the submersed genus Najas (Hydrocharitaceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 82: 15–30.

Lewis, W. H. 2008. Rosa carolina (Rosaceae) subspecies and hybrids in eastern and midwestern United States, Canada, and Mexico. Novon 18: 192–198.

Li, J. H., D. L. Zhang, & J. H. Alexander. 2001. Classification of tree lilacs (subgenus Ligustrina, Syringa, Oleaceae): Morphology and DNA sequence tell a similar story. Harvard Pap. Bot.5: 517–529.

Lidén, M., T. Fukuhara, J. Rylander, & B. Oxelman. 1997. Phylogeny and classification of Fumariaceae, with emphasis on Dicentra s.l., based on the plastid gene rps16 intron. Pl. Syst. Evol. 206: 411–420.

Lidén, M. & H. Zetterlund. 1997. Corydalis: a gardener's guide and a monograph of the tuberous species. Pershore, Worcestershire: Alpine Garden Society. 140 pp.

Liede, S. & A. Täuber. 2002. Circumscription of the genus Cynanchum (Apocynaceae–Asclepiadoideae). Syst. Bot. 27: 789–800.

Little, E. L. 1971. Atlas of United States Trees, Vol. 1. Conifers and Important Hardwoods. Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture misc. publ. 1146. V + 9 pp. 200 maps.

Locklear, J. H. 2011. Phlox ovata L. (Polemoniaceae): Clarification of the Nomenclature of the Allegheny Phlox. Castanea 76: 116–117.

Luken, J. O. & J. W. Thieret. 1995. Amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii: Caprifoliaceae): its ascent, decline, and fall. Sida 16: 479–503.

Ma, J. & A. R. Brach. 2007. The identity of cultivated Phellodendron (Rutaceae) in North America. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1: 357–365.

Mahoney, A. M. & R. R. Kowal. 2008. Three new varieties of Packera paupercula (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) in midwestern and southeastern North America. Novon 18: 220–228.

Majure, L. C. 2010. Towards an evolutionary understanding of the Opuntia humifusa complex. Cactus and Succulent Journal 82: 156-163.

Majure, L. C. 2012. The Evolution and Systematics of the Opuntia humifusa Complex. Ph.D. Thesis University of Florida. 225 pp.

Majure, Lucas C., Walter S. Judd, Pamela S. Soltis, & Douglas E. Soltis. 2017. Taxonomic Revision of the Opuntia humifusa Complex (Opuntieae: Cactaceae) of the Eastern United States. Phytotaxa 290: 1-65.

Manns, U. K. & A. A. Anderberg. 2009. New combinations and names in Lysimachia (Myrsinaceae) for species of Anagallis, Pelletiera and Trientalis. Willdenowia 39:49–54.

Marcks, B. G. 1974. Preliminary reports on the flora of Wisconsin: no. 66. Cyperaceae: 2. - Sedge family: 2. The genus Cyperus - the umbrella sedges. Trans. Wisconsin Acad. Sci. 62: 261–284.

Martínez, M. 1993. The correct application of Physalis pruinosa L. (Solanaceae). Taxon 42: 103–104.

Mast, A. R. & J. L. Reveal. 2007.Transfer of Dodecatheon to Primula (Primulaceae). Brittonia 59: 79–82.

McKenna, D. D. 2004. Flora and Vegetation of Kalamazoo County, Michigan. Michigan Botanist 43: 137–359.

McKenzie, P. M. & D. Ladd. 1995. Status of Bromus nottowayanus (Poaceae) in Missouri. Missouriensis 16: 57–68.

McKenzie, P. M. & S. G. Smith. 2007. Status of Schoenoplectus hallii (Hall's bulrush) (Cyperaceae) in the United States. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1: 457–481.

McKinney, L. E. 1992. A taxonomic revision of the acaulescent blue violets (Viola) of North America. Sida Bot. Misc. no.7. 60 pp.

McNabb, C. D. & T. R. Batterson. 1991. Occurrence of the Common Reed, Phragmites australis, Along Roadsides in Lower Michigan. Michigan Academician 23: 211–220.

McVaugh, R., S. A. Cain & D. J. Hagenah. 1953. Farwelliana: an account of the life and botanical work of Oliver Atkins Farwell, 1867–1944. Cranbrook Inst. Sci. Bull. 34. 101 pp.

McVaugh, R. 1970. Botanical Results of the Michigan Geological Survey Under the Direction of Douglass Houghton, 1837-1840. Michigan Botanist 9:  213-243.

Mears, R. L. & G. W. Libby. 1995. New Records of Cyperus (Cyperaceae) from Kentucky. Castanea 60: 79–82.

Melville, M. R. & J. K. Morton. 1982. A biosystematic study of the Solidago canadensis (Compositae) complex. I. The Ontario populations. Canad. J. Bot. 60: 976–997.

Menapace, F. J. & D. E. Wujek. 1987. Carex bushii Mack., a sedge new to Michigan. Michigan Botanist 26: 167–168.

Metzgar, J. S., J. E. Skog, E. A. Zimmer, & K. M. Pryer. 2008. The paraphyly of Osmunda is confirmed by phylogenetic analyses of seven plastid loci. Syst. Bot. 33: 31–36.

Mladenoff, D. J. 1990. A Pacific northwest disjunct, Disporum hookeri, in upper Michigan. Michigan Botanist 29: 97–102.

Momiyama, Y. 1977. On the correct name for a common Japanese species of Ampelopsis. J. Jap. Bot. 52: 29–31.

Moody, M. L. & D. H. Les. 2007. Geographic distribution and genotypic composition of invasive hybrid watermilfoil (Myriopohyllum spicatum x M. sibiricum) populations in North America. Biol. Invasions 9: 559–570.

Moore, G., S. D. Glenn, & J. Ma. 2009. Distribution of the native Aralia spinosa and non-native Aralia elata (Araliaceae) in the northeastern United States. Rhodora 111: 145–154.

Mort, M. E., D. E. Soltis, P. S. Soltis, J. Francisco-Ortega, & A. Santos-Guerra. 2001. Phylogenetic relationships and evolution of Crassulaceae inferred from matK sequence data. Amer. J. Bot. 88: 76–91.

Mosyakin, S. L. 1995. New taxa of Corispermum L. (Chenopodiaceae), with preliminary comments on the taxonomy of the genus in North America. Novon 5: 340–353.

Mosyakin, S. L. 1996. A taxonomic synopsis of the genus Salsola (Chenopodiaceae) in North America. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 83: 387–395.

Mosyakin, S. L. 2005. Rumex. Vol. 5. pp. 489–533. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Eds.). 2005. Flora of North America North of Mexico. Oxford University Press, New York, New York.

Mulligan, G. A. 1978. Barbarea stricta Andrz., a new introduction to Quebec. Naturaliste Canad. 105:297–298.

Naczi, R. F. C. & J. W. Thieret. 1996a.. The Gold-Cone Tamarack (Larix laricina forma lutea, Pinaceae) in Pennsylvania. Bartonia 59: 123–124.

Naczi, R. F. C. & J. W. Thieret. 1996b.. Invasion and Spread of Coincya monensis (Brassicaceae) in North America. Sida 17: 43-53.

Namestnik, S. A. 2016. Noteworthy Collections: Rediscovery Of Mimulus alatus (Phrymaceae) In Michigan. Michigan Botanist 55: 104–107.

Nesom, G. L. 2001. An anomalous population of Aster (Asteraceae: Astereae) sensu lato in Michigan. Sida 19: 625–632.

Nesom, G. L. 2010a. Notes on Fraxinus profunda (Oleaceae). Phytoneuron 2010-32: 1–6.

Nesom, G. L. 2010b. Fraxinus biltmoreana and Fraxinus smallii (Oleaceae), forest trees of the eastern United States. Phytoneuron 2010-51: 1–30.

Neyland, R. & M. Hennigan. 2004. Systematic relationships of Monotropa uniflora (Ericaceae) inferred from large ribosomal subunit (26S) rRNA gene sequences. Castanea 69: 265–271.

Nuttall, T. 1818. The genera of North American plants, and a catalogue of the species, to the year 1817. 2 Vols. D. Heartt, Philadelphia.

O’Kane, S. L. Jr. & I. A. Al-Shehbaz. 1997. Synopsis of Arabidopsis (Brassicaceae). Novon 7: 323–327.

Ohashi, H. & R. R. Mill. 2000. Hylodesmum, a new name for Podocarpium (Leguminosae). Edinburgh J. Bot. 57: 171–188.

Ohi-Toma, T., T. Sugawara, H. Murata, S. Wanke, C. Neinhuis, & J. Murata. 2006. Molecular phylogeny of Aristolochia sensu lato (Aristolochiaceae) based on sequences of rbcL, matK, and phyA genes, with special reference to differentiation of chromosome numbers. Syst. Bot. 31: 481–492.

Oldham, M. J. and I. D. Macdonald. 2015. Tall Annual Willowherb (Epilobium brachycarpum C. Presl) in Ontario, Canada. Canadian Field-Naturalist 129: 268–272.

Padgett, D. J. 2007. A Monograph of Nuphar (Nymphaeaceae). Rhodora 109: 1–95.

Parfitt, B. D. & C. A. Wade. 2000. Noteworthy collection: Pinus nigra, Michigan. Michigan Botanist 39: 38–39.

Paun, O., C. Lehnebach, J. T. Johansson, P. Lockhart, & E. Hörandl. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of Ranunculus and allied genera (Ranunculaceae) in the Mediterranean region and in the European Alpine System. Taxon 54: 911–930.

Penskar, M. R & B. S. Walters, 2016. First Report of Hypericum adpressum in Michigan. Michigan Botanist 55: 100–103.

Peralta, I. E., D. M. Spooner, & S. Knapp. 2008. Taxonomy of wild tomatoes and their relatives (Solanum sect. Lycopersicoides, sect. Juglandifolia, sect. Lycopersicon; Solanaceae). Syst. Bot. Monogr. 84: 1–186.

Phipps, J. B. 2005. A review of hybridization in North American hawthorns - Another look at "the Crataegus problem." Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 92: 113–126.

Phipps, J. B., R. J. O’Kennon, & R. W. Lance. 2003. Hawthorns and Medlars. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon. 139pp.

Phipps, J. B., S. Cafferty, & J. A. Macklin. 2003. Lectotypification of Crataegus coccinea L. and its conspecificity with C. pedicellata Sarg. (Rosaceae). Taxon 52: 337–338.

Pigott, D. 2012,  Lime-Trees and Basswoods : A Biological Monograph of the Genus Tilia. Cambridge University Press.

Pinno, B. D. & R. C. Errington. 2016. Burn Severity Dominates Understory Plant Community Response to Fire in Xeric Jack Pine Forests. Forests 2016, 7(4), 83; https://doi.org/10.3390/f7040083

Pippen, R. W. 1966. Lygodium palmatum, the climbing fern, in Michigan. Michigan Botanist 5: 64–66.

Post, A. R., A. Krings, W. A. Wall, & J. C. Neal. 2009. Introduced lesser celandine (Ranunculus ficaria, Ranunculaceae) and its putative subspecies in the United States: A morphometric analysis. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 3: 193–209.

Posto, A. L. & L. A. Prather. 2003. The evolutionary and taxonomic implications of RAPD data on the genetic relationships of Mimulus michiganensis (comb. et stat. nov.: Scrophulariaceae). Syst. Bot. 28: 172–178.

Powell, M., V. Savolainen, P. Cuenoud, J. F. Manen, & S. Andrews. 2000. The mountain holly (Nemopanthus mucronatus: Aquifoliaceae) revisited with molecular data. Kew Bull. 55: 341–347.

Pridgeon, A. M., P. Cribb, M. W. Chase, & F. N. Rasmussen, Eds. 2005. Genera Orchidacearum Volume 4 Epidendroideae (Part 1). Oxford University Press, Oxford. xxii + 672 pp.

Pringle, J. S. 2002. Nomenclature of the narrow-leaved fringed gentian of the Great Lakes Region, Gentianopsis virgata (Raf.) Holub (Gentianaceae). Michigan Botanist 41: 137–140.

Pringle, J. S. 2007. Authorship of the name Centaurium pulchellum (Gentianaceae). Michigan Botanist 46: 63–64.

Pringle, J. S. 2011. Nomenclature of the Thicket Creeper, Parthenocissus inserta (Vitaceae). Michigan Botanist 49: 73–78.

Pringle, J. S. 2018. The Identification, Nomenclature, and Naturalized Distribution of Mazus miquelii (Mazaceae) in North America. Castanea 83: 216–223.

Pryer, K. M. & L. R. Phillippe. 1989. A synopsis of the genus Sanicula (Apiaceae) in eastern Canada. Canad. J. Bot. 67: 694–707.

Pryer, K. M. & C. H. Haufler. 1993. Isozymic and Chromosomal Evidence for the Allotetraploid Origin of Gymnocarpium dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae). Syst. Bot. 18: 150–172.

Rabeler, R. K. & A. W. Cusick. 1994. Comments on some introduced Caryophyllaceae of Ohio and Nearby States. Michigan Botanist 33: 95–108.

Rabeler, R. K. 1988. Eurasian introductions to the Michigan Flora: 4. Two additional species of Caryophyllaceae in Michigan. Michigan Botanist 27: 85–88.

Rabeler, R. K. 1996. Sagina japonica (Caryophyllaceae) in the Great Lakes region. Michigan Botanist 35: 43–44.

Rabeler, R. K. 2002. Noteworthy collection: Heracleum mantegazzianum Somm. & Levier. (Apiaceae). Giant cow parsnip. Michigan Botanist 41: 165–166.

Rabeler, R. K. & C. A. Crowder.1985. Eurasian introductions to the Michigan flora: 3. Michigan Botanist 24:125–127.

Rafaill, B. L. 2008. Noteworthy collection: Glyceria melicaria, Michigan. Michigan Botanist 47: 79–80.

Reddoch, A. H. & J. M. Reddoch. 1993. The species pair Platanthera orbiculata and P. macrophylla (Orchidaceae): taxonomy, morphology, distributions and habitats. Lindleyana 8: 171–187.

Reveal, J. L. & F. R. Barrie. 1991. On the identity of Hedysarum violaceum L. (Fabaceae). Phytologia 71: 456–571.

Reveal, J. L. & M. J. Seldin. 1976. On the identity of Halesia carolina (Styracaceae). Taxon 25: 123–140.

Reveal, J. L. 1993. Streptopus lanceolatus (Aiton) Reveal, a new name for Streptopus roseus Michaux (Convallariaceae). Phytologia 74: 185–189.

Reznicek, A. A. 1980. Halophytes along a Michigan Roadside with Comments on the Occurrence of Halophytes in Michigan. Michigan Botanist 19: 23–30.

Reznicek, A. A. 1994. The Disjunct Coastal Plain Flora in the Great Lakes Region. Biol. Conservation 68: 203–215.

Reznicek, A. A. 1999. Rediscovery of Rhynchospora (Psilocarya) nitens (Cyperaceae) in the Great Lakes Region. Michigan Botanist 38: 35–37.

Reznicek, A. A. 2001. Mulberry Weed (Fatoua villosa) spread as far north as Michigan. Michigan Botanist 40: 73–74.

Reznicek, A. A. & D. Henson. 1982. Carex heleonastes, New to Michigan and the Contiguous United States. Michigan Botanist 21: 169–170.

Reznicek, A. A. & P. M. Catling. 1986. The Status and Distribution of Carex subimpressa Clokey (Cyperaceae). Canad. J. Bot. 64: 227–232.

Reznicek, A. A. & P. M. Catling. 1987. Carex praegracilis in Eastern North America: A Remarkable Case of Rapid Invasion. Rhodora 89: 205–216.

Rohrer, J. R. 2000. The sand cherry in Wisconsin and neighboring states. Michigan Botanist 39: 59–69.

Romaschenko, K., P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng, O. Futorna, A. Susanna. 2011. Phylogenetics of Piptatherum s.l (Poaceae:  Stipeae): Evidence for a new genus, Piptatheropsis, and resurrection of Patis. Taxon 60: 1703–1716.

Rosenthal, S., 2021. Apparent hybridization of nonnative Rhamnus populations in central New York and Connecticut, U.S.A. Rhodora 123: 105–132.

Rothrock, P. E. 2009. Sedges of Indiana and the adjacent states: the non-Carex species. Indiana Academy of Science, Indianapolis, Indiana. 271 pp.

Rothrock, P. E., A. A. Reznicek, & A. L. Hipp. 2009. Taxonomic study of the Carex tenera group (Cyperaceae). Syst. Bot. 34: 297–311.

Rothrock, P. E. 2021. Sedges of Indiana and the Adjacent States Vol II: The Carex Species. Indiana Academy of Science, Indianapolis, Indiana. 361 pp.

Rotter, M. C.  2018. Noteworthy Collection: Petasites hybridus. The Great Lakes Botanist 57: 45–48.

Saarela, J. M., P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng, & R. E. Chapman. 2003. A taxonomic revision of the eastern North American and eastern Asian disjunct genus Brachyelytrum (Poaceae): Evidence from morphology, phytogeography and AFLPs. Syst. Bot. 28: 674–692.

Schimpf, D. J., D. L. Pomroy, S. C. Garske, & D. L. Hansen. 2007. Noteworthy collections: Minnesota, Michigan, Wisconsin. Michigan Botanist 46: 80–86.

Schimpf, D. J., D. L. Pomroy, S. G. Garske, & J. C. Green. 2009. Noteworthy Collections. Michigan Botanist 48: 49–60.

Schmidt, P. 1973. Übersich über de Mittleuropäischen arten der gattung Thymus L. Feddes Repert. 83: 663–671.

Schouten, Y. & J. F. Veldkamp. 1985. A revision of Anthoxanthum including Hierochloe (Gramineae) in Malesia and Thailand. Blumea 30: 319–351.

Schuster, T. J., J. L. Reveal, & K. A. Kron. 2011. Molecular Systematics of Polygoneae (Polygonaceae: Polygonoideae). Taxon 60: 1653–1666.

Sears, C. J. 2008. Morphological Discrimination of Platanthera aquilonis, P. huronensis, and P. dilatata (Orchidaceae) Herbarium Specimens. Rhodora 110: 389–405.

Sennikov, A.N. 2011. Chamerion or Chamaenerion (Onagraceae)? The old story in new words. Taxon 60(5): 1485–1488.

Seymour, R. S. 1997. Plants That Warm Themselves. Sci. Amer. 276: 104–109.

Sheviak, C. J. 1999. The identities of Platanthera hyperborea and P. huronensis, with the description of a new species from North America. Lindleyana 14: 193–203.

Shiels, D. R. & A. K. Monfils. 2012. New Combinations in North American Schoenoplectiella (Cyperaceae), Novon 22:87 – 90.

Shull, J. M. 1924. A Methuselah of the Plant World. The Skunk Cabbage. J. Hered. 15: 443-450.

Simon, J. & A. Bruneau, 2004. Evolution of Triploidy In Apios Americana (Leguminosae) Revealed By Genealogical Analysis of the Histone H3-D Gene. Evolution 58: 284-295.

Smedmark, J. E. E. 2006. Recircumscription of Geum L. (Coluriae: Rosaceae). Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 126: 409–417.

Snogerup, S., P. F. Zika, & J. Kirschner. 2002. Taxonomic and Nomenclatural Notes on Juncus. Preslia 74: 247–266.

Soltis, D. E., E. V. Mavrodiev, J. J. Doyle, J. Rauscher, & P. S. Soltis. 2008. ITS and ETS sequence data and phylogeny reconstruction in allopolyploids and hybrids. Syst. Bot. 33: 7–20.

Soltis, D. E., R. K. Kuzoff, M. E. Mort, M. Zanis, M. Fishbein, L. Hufford, J. Koontz, & M. K. Arroyo. 2001. Elucidating deep-level phylogenetic relationships in Saxifragaceae using sequences for six chloroplastic and nuclear DNA regions. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 88: 669–693.

Soreng, R. J. 2010. Coleataenia Griseb. (1879): the correct name for Sorengia Zuloaga & Morrone (2010) (Poaceae: Paniceae). J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 4: 691–692.

Spellenberg, R. W. 2003. Mirabilis. Vol. 4. pp. 40–57. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Eds.). 2003. Flora of North America North of Mexico. Oxford University Press, New York, New York.

Spooner, D. M., A. W. Cusick, G. E. Hall, & J. M. Baskin. 1985. Observations on the distribution and ecology ofSida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby. Sida 11: 215–225.

Stace, C. A. 2009. Eleven New Combinations in the British Flora. Watsonia 27: 246–248.

Stensvold, Mary Clay and Donald R. Farrar. 2016.  Genetic Diversity in the Worldwide Botrychium lunaria (Ophioglossaceae) Complex, with New Species and New Combinations. Brittonia, DOI 10.1007/s12228-016-9455-z ISSN: 0007-196X (print) ISSN: 1938-436X Published online 13 December 2016.

Stephenson, S. N. 1984. The genus Dichanthelium(Poaceae) in Michigan. Michigan Botanist 23: 107–119.

Strother, J. L.  2015. Tilia. Vol. 6. Pp. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Eds.). 2015. Flora of North America North of Mexico. Oxford University Press,  New York, New York.

Stuckey, R.L. 1967. The "lost" plants of Thomas Nuttall's 1810 expedition into the old northwest.  Michigan Botanist 6: 81-94 1967

Stuckey, R. L. 1979. Distributional history of Potamogeton crispus (curly pondweed) in North America. Bartonia 46: 22–42.

Stuckey, R. L. 1980a. Distributional history of Lythrum salicaria (Purple loosestrife) in North America. Bartonia 47: 3–20.

Stuckey, R. L. 1980b. The migration and establishment of Juncus gerardii (Juncaceae) in the interior of North America. Sida 8: 334–347.

Stuckey, R. L. 1981. Distributional history of Juncus compressus (Juncaceae) in North America. Canad. Field-Naturalist 95: 167–171.

Stuckey, R. L. 1985. Distributional history of Najas marina (spiny naiad) in North America. Bartonia 51: 2–16.

Swink, F. & G. Wilhelm. 1994. Plants of the Chicago region, 4th ed. Indiana Academy of Science for Morton Arboretum, Indianapolis, Indiana. xiv + 921 pp.

Tatina, R. & A. A. Reznicek. 2010. Noteworthy Collections: Michigan Aira caryophyllea L. (Poaceae). Silverhair grass. Michigan Botanist 49: 132–134.

Tatina, R. 2015. Noteworthy Collection: The first record for Michigan of Galium pedemontanum (Rubiaceae). Michigan Botanist 54: 131–133.

Terrell, E. E. 1996. Revision of Houstonia (Rubiaceae: Hedyotideae). Syst. Bot. Monogr. 48: 1–118.

Terrell, E. E. 2001. Taxonomy of Stenaria (Rubiaceae: Hedyotideae), a new genus including Hedyotis nigricans. Sida 19: 591–614.

Terrell, E. E., P. M. Peterson, J. L. Reveal, & M. R. Duvall. 1997. Taxonomy of North American species of Zizania (Poaceae). Sida 17: 533–549.

The Plant List. 2013. Version 1.1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ (accessed 20 January 2017).

Thomson, E. R. 2005. Papillate watermeal, Wolffia brasiliensis, in eastern Ontario: An addition to the flora of Canada. Canad. Field-Naturalist 119: 137–138.

Torrey, J. and A. Gray. (1838–1840). A flora of North America, containing abridged descriptions of all the known indigenous and naturalized plants growing north of Mexico arranged according to the natural system. Vol. 1. Comprising the polypetalous division of the dicotyledonous or exogenous plants. Wiley and Putnam, New York.

Trapp, E. J. 1988. Dispersal of Heteromorphic Seeds in Amphicarpaea bracteata. Amer. J. Bot. 75: 1535–1539.

Tucker, A. O. & H. L. Chambers. 2002. Mentha canadensis L. (Lamiaceae): A relict amphidiploid from the Lower Tertiary. Taxon 51: 703–718.

Valliant, M. T., R. N. Mack, & S. J. Novak. 2007. Introduction history and population genetics of the invasive grass Bromus tectorum (Poaceae) in Canada. Amer. J. Bot. 94: 1156–1169.

Veldkamp, J. F. 2009. The authorship of Bromus pubescens (Gramineae). J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 136: 137–138.

Vincent, M. A. 2004. Tetradium daniellii (Korean evodia: Rutaceae) as an escape in North America. Michigan Botanist 43: 21–24.

Voss, E. G. 1972. Michigan Flora. A Guide to the Identification and Occurrence of the Native and Naturalized Seed-plants of the State. Part I Gymnosperms and Monocots. Cranbrook Inst. Sci. Bull. 55 & Univ. Michigan Herbarium. xviii + 488 pp.

Voss, E. G. 1985. Michigan Flora. Part II Dicots (Saururaceae—Cornaceae). Cranbrook Inst. Sci. Bull. 59 & Univ. Michigan Herbarium. xx + 724 pp.

Voss, E. G. 1996. Michigan Flora. Part III Dicots (Pyrolaceae—Compositae). Cranbrook Inst. Sci. Bull. 61 & Univ. Michigan Herbarium. xii + 622 pp.

Voss, E. G. 2001. A Purple Color form of Pitcher’s Thistle. Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 23: 349–350.

Voss, E. G. & A. A. Reznicek. 2012. Field Manual of Michigan Flora. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. xiv + 990 pp.

Wade, C. A. & B. D. Parfitt. 2000. Noteworthy collection: Picea abies, Michigan. Michigan Botanist 39: 78–79.

Wagner, W. H. 1971. The southeastern Adder's-Tongue, Ophioglossum vulgatum var. pycnostichum, found for the first time in Michigan. Michigan Botanist 10: 67–74.

Wagner, W. H. Jr. 1990. A Natural Hybrid of Gray Dogwood, Cornus racemosa, and Round-leaved dogwood, C. rugosa, from Michigan. Michigan Botanist 29: 131–137.

Wagner, W. H. Jr. 2000. Leaf forms in Sassafras in southeastern Michigan. Michigan Botanist 39: 70–76.

Wagner, W. H. Jr., T. F. Daniel, & M. K. Hansen. 1980. A hybridizing Verbascum population in Michigan. Michigan Botanist 19: 37–45.

Wagner, W. H. Jr. & D. M. Johnson. 1981. Natural History of the Ebony Spleenwort, Asplenium platyneuron, in the Great Lakes Area. Canad. Field-Naturalist 95: 156–166.

Wagner, W. H. Jr., F. S. Wagner, & D. J. Hagenah. 1969. The Log fern (Dryopteris celsa) and Its Hybrids in Michigan – A preliminary Report. Michigan Botanist 8: 137-145.

Wagner, W. L., P. C. Hoch, P. H. Raven. 2007. A revised classification of the Onagraceae. Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 1–240.

Wallace, L. E. 2003. Molecular evidence for allopolyploid speciation and recurrent origins in Platanthera huronensis (Orchidaceae). Int. J. Pl. Sci. 164: 907–916.

Warners, D. P. & D. C. Laughlin. 1999. Evidence for a species-level distinction of two co-occurring asters: Aster puniceus L. and Aster firmus Nees. Michigan Botanist 38: 19–31.

Watson, M. F. 1989. Nomenclatural aspects of Oxalis sect. Corniculatae in Europe. Bot. J. Linn.Soc. 101: 347–362.

Weatherbee, E.E.. 1990. Cliff Brake on Drummond Island: A grevel Roadside Locality Found by Amateur Botanists. Michigan Botanist 29: 103–105.

Weber, W. A. & R. C. Wittmann. 2001. Colorado Flora: Eastern Slope (3^rd Ed.) University Press of Colorado, Boulder. xl + 521 pp.

Widrlechner, M. P. & R. K. Rabeler. 1991. Rubus parvifolius (Rosaceae), naturalized in Illinois and Iowa. Michigan Botanist 30: 23–30. 

Widrlechner, M. P. & W. H. Wagner Jr. 1998. Occurrence of European dewberry, Rubus caesius (Rosaceae), naturalized in Iowa and Michigan. Michigan Botanist 37: 107–112.

Wilbur, R. L. 2003. What is the correct name for the bristly greenbrier? Rhodora 105: 250–259.

Wilhelm, G. & L. Rericha. 2016. A new species of Hypericum (Hypericaceae) and Some New Combinations in the Vascular Flora of the Chicago Region. Michigan Botanist 55: 89–96.

Windham, M. D. & I. A. Al-Shehbaz. 2006. New and noteworthy species of Boechera (Brassicaceae) I: Sexual diploids. Harvard Pap. Bot. 11: 61–88.

Winchell, B. 2015. Seeing Double. Rock Garden Quarterly 73: 24–33.

Windham, M. D. & I. A. Al-Shehbaz. 2007a. New and noteworthy species of Boechera (Brassicaceae) II: apomictic hybrids. Harvard Pap. Bot. 11: 257–274.

Windham, M. D. & I. A. Al-Shehbaz. 2007b. New and noteworthy species of Boechera (Brassicaceae) III: additional sexual diploids and apomictic hybrids. Harvard Pap. Bot. 12: 235–257.

Woodland, D. W. & J. Ng. 1988. Commelina erecta (day-flower) rediscovered in Michigan. Michigan Botanist 27: 88.

Wright, J. 1839. Report of Doct. John Wright, botanist of the geological survey, Detroit, January 1st, 1839. Second annual report of the state geologist. House Documents, 1839. No. 23. Reprinted as pp. 223–251 in G. N. Fuller, 1928. Geological reports of Douglass Houghton. First state geologist of Michigan 1837–1845. Michigan Historical Commission, Lansing. 

Zalapa, J. E., J. Brunet, & R. P. Guries. 2009. Patterns of Hybridization and Introgression Between Invasive Ulmus pumila (Ulmaceae) and Native U. rubra. Amer. J. Bot. 96: 1116–1128.

Zika, P. F. & A. L. Jacobson. 2003. An overlooked hybrid Japanese knotweed (Polygonum cuspidatum × sachalinense; Polygonaceae) in North America. Rhodora 105: 143–152.

Zinovjev A. G. 2011. Salix × meyeriana (= Salix pentandra × S. euxina)―a forgotten willow in Eastern North America . Phytotaxa 22: 57–60.

Zomlefer, W. B. & W. S. Judd. 2002. Resurrection of Segregates of the Polyphyletic Genus Zigadenus s.l. (Liliales: Melanthiaceae) and Resulting New Combinations. Novon 12: 299–308.

Zuloaga, F. O., M. A. Scataglini, & O. Morrone. 2010. A phylogenetic evalf Panicum sects. Agrostoidea, Megista, Prionitia and Tenera (Panicoideae, Poaceae): Two new genera, Stephostachys and Sorengia.Taxon 59: 1535–1546.