Dryopteridaceae
1. Indusia peltate (round and attached at the center); blades once-pinnate (except in Polystichum braunii) and conspicuously spiny toothed; fronds leathery and evergreen.
1. Indusia reniform, attached at the sinus; Blades once-pinnate (with the pinnae deeply lobed) to 3-pinnate, not conspicuously spiny toothed; fronds not leathery, evergreen or not.
Citation:
MICHIGAN FLORA ONLINE. A. A. Reznicek, E. G. Voss, & B. S. Walters. February 2011. University of Michigan. Web. April 1, 2025
https://mifloradev.lsa.umich.edu/flora-demo/#/family/Dryopteridaceae